Opening the
Standard MIDI Files specification PDF and searching for instances of the word "variable", I confirmed that the following items are variable-length quantities:
• the delta-time before each event
• the length value in System Exclusive events (F0) or System Exclusive packet/Escaped events (F7):
F0 <length> <bytes to be transmitted after F0>
F7 <length> <all bytes to be transmitted>
• the length value in all meta events:
FF <type> <length> <data>